非谓语怎么用英语表达

非谓语怎么用

1.非谓语怎么用

一、非谓语动词的概念非谓语动词是指动词不定式、动名词和分词。

它们是动词的非限定形式。在句子中它们起着一些特殊的作用。

以下简要介绍它们各自的构成、作用及应用。二、动词不定式不定式是指带to的动词原形（使用中有时不带to），在句中起形容词或副词的作用，可以作状语和定语。

（一）作定语 1. 动词不定式与其修的词之间往往有动宾关系，如果该不定式是不及物动词，其后有必要的介词。 He's pleasant fellow to work with. There's nothing to worry about. 2. 有些名词后常跟不定式作定语。

例如： time, reason, chance, right, ability, willingness, need, anxiety, wish, plan等。 Women should have the right to receive education. There is no time to hesitate. 3. the first, the second, the last, the best 等之后用不定式做定语。

The monitor will be the first to come. He was the last man to blame. （二）作状语 1. 作目的状语不定式作状语时，其动作发生在谓语动词之后，一般置于句子末尾。但是，如果表示强调，亦可置于句首。

其否定形式为：在不定式符号前加not。 He went to Shanghai to visit his parents. To save the earth, we must prevent the earth from being polluted. I shut the door quietly, so as not to wake the baby. 2. 作结果状语 We came home after our holiday to find our garden neat and tidy. She left home, never to return again. 3. 作原因状语不定式做原因状语时，一般放在句子末尾。

She burst into laughter to see his funny action. The boy was shocked to see the frightening scene. 4. 作独立成分有些固定词组带to不定式，表明说话人的立场或态度，在句中作独立成分。这些词有： to be honest, to begin with, to cut a long story short, to get (back) to the point, not to make much of it, to put it another way, to tell the truth等。

To tell you the truth, I have never been to Beijing. To be honest, I have never heard of Winston Churchill. 三、动名词动名词也是动词的一种非限定形式，由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。与现在分词构成法相同。

它同时具有动词及名词特征。以下主要介绍其做定语及状语的情况。

1. 作定语 None is allowed to smoke in the waiting room. The speeding car came to a stop all of a sudden. 2. 作状语介词+动名词可以作状语用，表示时间、原因、目的、让步、方式等。 After finishing the job, he went home. He was blamed for having done something wrong. They went to Manchester with the object of winning the World Championship. 四、分词分词是动词的三种非限定形式之一，包括现在分词和过去分词两种。

分词可以在句中作状语及定语。（一）现在分词与过去分词的区别现舂词与过去分词的区别主要表现在语态和时间概念上。

在语态上，现在分词（除被动式外）表示主动意思，过去分词表示被动意思。在时间上，现在分词表示动作正在进行，过去分词则表示动作已完成。

developing countries（发展中国家） developed countries（发达国家） the touching tale（动人的传说） the touched audince（受感动的观众）（二）现在分词的用法现在分词可在句中作定语和状语。 1. 作定语现在分词作定语时多置于它所修饰的名词前： This is a pressing question. 这是一个紧迫的问题。

He asked an embarrassing question. 他提了一个令人难堪的问题。现在分词亦可置于它所修饰的名词之后： There were no soldiers drilling. 现在分词短语一般皆置于其修饰的名词之后： A little child learning to walk often falls. The men working here are all from the rural areas. 2. 现在分词用作状语现在分词及其短语从表意的角度看，也可用作状语，表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。

其动作可能发生在谓语动词之前或之后，也可能与谓语动的动作同时发生。（1）表示时间 Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a magnificent view. He went out shutting the door behind him. 强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，现在分词之前可用连词when或while: When leaving the airport, they waved again and agin to us. While flying over the Channel, the pilot saw what he thought to be a meteorite. (2)表示原因 Being sick, I stayed at home. She caught cold sitting on the grass. (3)表示条件 Adopting this method, we will raise the average yield by 40 percent. Turning to the right, you will find a path leading to his cottage. (4)表示让步 Admitting what she has said, I still think that she hasn't tried her best. (5)表示结果 It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country. It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining our holday. (6)表示方式或伴随情况 He ran up to her breathing heavily. Please fill in the form, giving your name, address, etc.。

2.非谓语的用法

非谓语动词：不能作谓语但保持动词特征的形式。没有人称和数的变化，但可以有自己的宾语或状语。不定式to do、动名词/ 现在分词ing和过去分词-ed.

不定式的用法：

1.作主语；To learn an art well is very hard.

不定式作主语可用it作形式主语

It is very hard to learn an art well.

2.作表语：Our duty is to help the young children to grow better.

3.作宾语：不定式作宾语的动词有agree arrange afford ask choose demand try decide offer expect learn pretend want hope promise。

I really like to watch football matches.

不定式作介词的宾语 I'm interested in what to do but not how to do it.

4.做宾补：作宾补有带to和不带to 的不定式。

常用带to作宾补的动词有；ask advice allow beg tell cause permit refuse warn force forbid encourage invite teach know call on。

常用不带to作宾语的动词有：discover feel have see hear make observe look at listen to watch notice 。

5.作定语：Do you have anything else to say for yourself?

6.作状语：表示原因、结果、目的、比较和独立成分。

Since March 2003, many students have begun to learn about AIDS prevention and the risks of drugs to stay far away from AIDS.

7.独立成分：表示说话者的态度、语气等

To tell you the truth,I'm almost freezing.

省不定式：

had better do sth.would rather do sth. can't but do sth. do nothing but do sth. feel ,listen to, look at ,see, hear, watch, notice, make, let, have 。

不定式虽没有人称和数的变化但表示先后顺序有主动被动进行形式

Don't pretend to be working hard. Just do what you should do

I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.

（待续不好意思）

3.谓语、非谓语怎么用

谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别： 1）谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语，而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。 . 玛丽教我们英语。（teaches动词作谓语） Mr.. 维克托先生上周来到了我们教室和我们谈话。（tohaveatalk。.不定式作状语） 2）谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制，而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。 Larkelikesthepopmusic. 拉克喜欢流行音乐。（动词用单数第三人称形式） . 拉克今天没什么事要做。（do用原形）非谓语动词的特征： 1如果非谓语动词是及物动词，后面须跟宾语。 . 学习英语是我的爱好。（studying后跟宾语） Tohelphimismyduty. 帮助他是我的责任。（help后跟宾语） 2非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。 . 在这样的环境下工作太可怕了。（undersuchacondition是working的状语） It'. 他在这么短的时间内掌握英语太难了。（forhim作不定式的逻辑主语） 3非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化。 . 对不起让你久等了。（tohavekept。是不定式的完成形式） Seenfromthemountain,. 从山上看，这座城市美丽多了。（Seenfrom。是分词的被动形式） 4非谓语动词在句中可以当成名词或者形容词来使用。 Ourcomingmadehimhappy. 我们的到来使他很高兴。（coming起名词作用） . 这儿有两个大型游泳池。（swimming起形容词作用）

4.非谓语动词怎么用

非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要有三种形式：

①不定式to do

②动名词（现在分词）doing

③过去分词done

非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。

非谓语动词的功能：

①作主语。

动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后。

②作表语。

Her job is to clean the hall.

The film being shown in the cinema is exciting.

The window is broken.

③作宾语。

如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面。

④作宾语补足语。

在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语。

如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语：see,watch,hear,feel,find,get,keep,notice,observe,listen to,look at,leave,catch等。

⑤作定语

动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。

现在分词作定语，当分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后。

⑥作状语。

不定式作状语可以表目的，表结果，表原因，表程度。

现在分词可以作时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、方式状语（表伴随）、结果状语、目的状语。

过去分词作状语表原因、时间、条件、让步

5.非谓语的用法

1.不定式和动名词作主语的区别（1）动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。

Smoking is prohibited（禁止）here.这里禁止抽烟。（抽象） It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。

（具体）（2）动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。

Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。（经验） Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。

（经验）（3）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。 It took me only five minutes to finish the job. 2.不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别（1）不定式作表语 1）不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。

To do two things at a time is to do neither.--次做两件事等于未做。 What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。

2）如果主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是不定式（表示结果）。 To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。

To work means to earn a living.工作就是为了生活。 3）如果主语是以aim, duty, hope, idea, happiness, job, plan, problem, purpose, thing, wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。

His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future.他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。 The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior. The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant. (2)动名词作表语：动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。

Our work is serving the people.我们的工作是为人民服务。 His hobby is collecting stamps.他的爱好是集邮。

（注）动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同，但其所属结构迥异，进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的。动名词做表语，说明主语的性质或情况。

People cannot but feel puzzled, for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake. His victory in the final was no more convincing than I had expected. (3)分词作表语分词做表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词做表语，一种是过去分词做表语，这两者区别是考试中经常考到的地方。一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite, interest等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动”，“高兴”，而是“使激动”、“使高兴”，因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”，过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。

所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。换句话说，若人对……感兴趣，就是somebody is interested in。

若人/物本身有兴趣时，就是说sb./sth. is interesting.这类词常见的有： interesting使人感到高兴--interested感到高兴的 exciting令人激动的--excited感到激动的 delighting令人高兴的--delighted感到高兴的。

6.非谓语如何使用

非谓语动词主要包括不定式&动名词&分词（现在分词和过去分词），.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分它有三种形式：不定式，分词（现在分词、过去分词），动名词 1.非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有：（1）如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用，例如： They built a garden. They suggested building a garden. (2)都可以被状语修饰： The suit fits him very well. The suit used to fit him very well. (3)都有主动与被动， “体”式（一般式；进行式；完成式）的变化。

例如： He was punished by his parents.（谓语动词被动语态） He avoided being punished by his parents.（动名词的被动式） We have written the composition.（谓语动词的完成时） Having written the composition, we handed it in.（现在分词的完成式）（4）都可以有逻辑主语 They started the work at once.（谓语动词的逻辑主语） The boss ordered them to start the work.（动词不定式的逻辑主语） We are League members.（谓语动词的主语） We being League member, the work was well done. （现在分词的逻辑主语） 2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有：（1）非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词），在句中做主语、宾语、表语。（2）非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。

（3）非谓语动词可以有副词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中作状语。（4）谓语动词在句中作谓语，受主语的人称和数的限制；非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语，它不受主语的人称和数的限制。

（5）英语中不能单独做句子的谓语。 [编辑本段]功能及用法（一）动词不定式：（to）+do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征. 否定式：not + (to) do (1)一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后. 例如： I'm glad to meet you. He seems to know a lot. We plan to pay a visit. He wants to be an artist. The patient asked to be operated on at once. The teacher ordered the work to be done. (2)进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，例如： The boy pretended to be working hard. He seems to be reading in his room. (3)完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，例如： I regretted to have told a lie. I happened to have seen the film. He is pleased to have met his friend. 2.不定式的句法功能：（1）作主语： To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. To lose your heart means failure. 动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，例如上面两句可用如下形式： It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. It means failure to lose your heart. 常用句式有：1、It+be+名词+to do。

2、It takes sb.+some time+to do。3、It+be+形容词+of sb +to do。

4、It+be+形容词+for sb.+to do。常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise，等表示赞扬或批评的形容词，不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。

（2）作表语： Her job is to clean the hall. He appears to have caught a cold. (3)作宾语：常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer，如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面，例如： Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 动词不定式也可充当介词宾语，如： I have no choice but to stay here. He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike. 动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用，如： He gave us some advice on how to learn English. (4)作宾语补足语：在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语，如下动词常跟这种复合宾语：want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite. 此外，介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用，如： With a lot of work to do, he didn't go to the cinema. 有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to，如： I saw him cross the road. He was seen to cross the road. (5)作定语：动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系： ①动宾关系： I have a meeting to attend. 注意：不定式为不及物动词时，所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等，应有必要的介词，如： He found a good house to live in. The child has nothing to worry about. What did you open it with？如果不定式修饰time, place, way，可以省略介词： He has no place to live. This is the best way to work out this problem. 如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者，不定式可用主动式也可用被动式： Have you got anything to send? Have you got anything to be sent？ ②说明所修饰名词的内容： We have made a plan to finish the work. ③被修饰名词是。